 | • レポートコード：MRC2Q12-17998 • 出版社/出版日：QYResearch / 2022年12月 • レポート形態：英文、PDF、88ページ • 納品方法：Eメール（納期：3営業日） • 産業分類：医療機器＆消耗品 |
| Single User | ￥725,200 (USD4,900) | ▷ お問い合わせ |
| Enterprise License | ￥1,450,400 (USD9,800) | ▷ お問い合わせ |
• お支払方法：銀行振込（納品後、ご請求書送付）
レポート概要
| 新型コロナウイルス感染症とロシア・ウクライナ戦争の影響により、非侵襲的がん診断/技術のグローバル市場は 2022にxxxドルと推定され、2028年までにxxxドルの規模に達し、2022年から2028年の予測期間中にxxx%のCAGRで成長すると予測されています。 非侵襲的がん診断/技術のアメリカ市場は、2023年から2028年の予測期間中にxxx%のCAGRで、2022年xxxドルから2028年xxxドルに達すると推定されています。 非侵襲的がん診断/技術の中国市場は、2023年から2028年の予測期間中にxxx%のCAGRで、2022年xxxドルから2028年xxxドルに達すると推定されています。 非侵襲的がん診断/技術のヨーロッパ市場は、2023年から2028年の予測期間中にxxx%のCAGRで、2022年xxxドルから2028年xxxドルに達すると推定されています。 生産面において、本レポートは2017年から2022年までの非侵襲的がん診断/技術の生産、成長率、メーカー別市場シェア、地域別市場シェア、および2028年までの予測を調査しています。販売面において、本レポートは2017年から2022年までの地域別、企業別、タイプ別、アプリケーション別の非侵襲的がん診断/技術の売上および2028年までの予測に焦点を当てています。 非侵襲的がん診断/技術のグローバル主要企業には、BIOVIEW Inc.、Affymetrix Inc.、Precision Therapeutics、Digene Corporation、A&G Pharmaceutical、Gen-Probe Incorporated、AVIVA Biosciences Corporation、Quest Diagnostics Incorporated、Laboratory Corporation of America Holdingsなどがあります。2021年、世界のトップ5プレイヤーは売上ベースで約xxx％の市場シェアを占めています。 非侵襲的がん診断/技術市場は、タイプとアプリケーションによって区分されます。世界の非侵襲的がん診断/技術市場のプレーヤー、利害関係者、およびその他の参加者は、当レポートを有益なリソースとして使用することで優位に立つことができます。セグメント分析は、2017年～2028年期間のタイプ別およびアプリケーション別の販売量、売上、予測に焦点を当てています。 【タイプ別セグメント】 免疫測定法、分子診断学、臨床化学、その他 【アプリケーション別セグメント】 医療機器製造会社、病院/クリニック、がん研究所、民間研究機関、学術機関、製薬会社、その他 【掲載地域】 北米：アメリカ、カナダ ヨーロッパ：ドイツ、フランス、イギリス、イタリア、ロシア アジア太平洋：日本、中国、韓国、インド、オーストラリア、台湾、インドネシア、タイ、マレーシア 中南米：メキシコ、ブラジル、アルゼンチン 中東・アフリカ：トルコ、サウジアラビア、UAE 【目次（一部）】 ・調査の範囲 - 非侵襲的がん診断/技術製品概要 - タイプ別市場（免疫測定法、分子診断学、臨床化学、その他） - アプリケーション別市場（医療機器製造会社、病院/クリニック、がん研究所、民間研究機関、学術機関、製薬会社、その他） - 調査の目的 ・エグゼクティブサマリー - 世界の非侵襲的がん診断/技術販売量予測2017-2028 - 世界の非侵襲的がん診断/技術売上予測2017-2028 - 非侵襲的がん診断/技術の地域別販売量 - 非侵襲的がん診断/技術の地域別売上 - 北米市場 - ヨーロッパ市場 - アジア太平洋市場 - 中南米市場 - 中東・アフリカ市場 ・メーカーの競争状況 - 主要メーカー別非侵襲的がん診断/技術販売量 - 主要メーカー別非侵襲的がん診断/技術売上 - 主要メーカー別非侵襲的がん診断/技術価格 - 競争状況の分析 - 企業M&A動向 ・タイプ別市場規模（免疫測定法、分子診断学、臨床化学、その他） - 非侵襲的がん診断/技術のタイプ別販売量 - 非侵襲的がん診断/技術のタイプ別売上 - 非侵襲的がん診断/技術のタイプ別価格 ・アプリケーション別市場規模（医療機器製造会社、病院/クリニック、がん研究所、民間研究機関、学術機関、製薬会社、その他） - 非侵襲的がん診断/技術のアプリケーション別販売量 - 非侵襲的がん診断/技術のアプリケーション別売上 - 非侵襲的がん診断/技術のアプリケーション別価格 ・北米市場 - 北米の非侵襲的がん診断/技術市場規模（タイプ別、アプリケーション別） - 主要国別の非侵襲的がん診断/技術市場規模（アメリカ、カナダ） ・ヨーロッパ市場 - ヨーロッパの非侵襲的がん診断/技術市場規模（タイプ別、アプリケーション別） - 主要国別の非侵襲的がん診断/技術市場規模（ドイツ、フランス、イギリス、イタリア、ロシア） ・アジア太平洋市場 - アジア太平洋の非侵襲的がん診断/技術市場規模（タイプ別、アプリケーション別） - 主要国別の非侵襲的がん診断/技術市場規模（日本、中国、韓国、インド、オーストラリア、台湾、インドネシア、タイ、マレーシア） ・中南米市場 - 中南米の非侵襲的がん診断/技術市場規模（タイプ別、アプリケーション別） - 主要国別の非侵襲的がん診断/技術市場規模（メキシコ、ブラジル、アルゼンチン） ・中東・アフリカ市場 - 中東・アフリカの非侵襲的がん診断/技術市場規模（タイプ別、アプリケーション別） - 主要国別の非侵襲的がん診断/技術市場規模（トルコ、サウジアラビア） ・企業情報 BIOVIEW Inc.、Affymetrix Inc.、Precision Therapeutics、Digene Corporation、A&G Pharmaceutical、Gen-Probe Incorporated、AVIVA Biosciences Corporation、Quest Diagnostics Incorporated、Laboratory Corporation of America Holdings ・産業チェーン及び販売チャネル分析 - 非侵襲的がん診断/技術の産業チェーン分析 - 非侵襲的がん診断/技術の原材料 - 非侵襲的がん診断/技術の生産プロセス - 非侵襲的がん診断/技術の販売及びマーケティング - 非侵襲的がん診断/技術の主要顧客 ・マーケットドライバー、機会、課題、リスク要因分析 - 非侵襲的がん診断/技術の産業動向 - 非侵襲的がん診断/技術のマーケットドライバー - 非侵襲的がん診断/技術の課題 - 非侵襲的がん診断/技術の阻害要因 ・主な調査結果 |
The Paint Dabbers offer mess-free paint applications by controlling the flow of paint onto craft surfaces thus.
Market Analysis and Insights: Global Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Market
The global Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology market size is projected to reach US$ million by 2028, from US$ million in 2021, at a CAGR of % during 2022-2028.
Fully considering the economic change by this health crisis, Immunoassays accounting for % of the Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology global market in 2021, is projected to value US$ million by 2028, growing at a revised % CAGR from 2022 to 2028. While Medical Device Manufacturing Companies segment is altered to an % CAGR throughout this forecast period.
China Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology market size is valued at US$ million in 2021, while the North America and Europe Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology are US$ million and US$ million, severally. The proportion of the North America is % in 2021, while China and Europe are % and % respectively, and it is predicted that China proportion will reach % in 2028, trailing a CAGR of % through the analysis period 2022-2028. Japan, South Korea, and Southeast Asia are noteworthy markets in Asia, with CAGR %, %, and % respectively for the next 6-year period. As for the Europe Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology landscape, Germany is projected to reach US$ million by 2028 trailing a CAGR of % over the forecast period 2022-2028.
With industry-standard accuracy in analysis and high data integrity, the report makes a brilliant attempt to unveil key opportunities available in the global Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology market to help players in achieving a strong market position. Buyers of the report can access verified and reliable market forecasts, including those for the overall size of the global Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology market in terms of revenue.
Overall, the report proves to be an effective tool that players can use to gain a competitive edge over their competitors and ensure lasting success in the global Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology market. All of the findings, data, and information provided in the report are validated and revalidated with the help of trustworthy sources. The analysts who have authored the report took a unique and industry-best research and analysis approach for an in-depth study of the global Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology market.
Global Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Scope and Market Size
Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology market is segmented by players, region (country), by Technology and by Application. Players, stakeholders, and other participants in the global Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology market will be able to gain the upper hand as they use the report as a powerful resource. The segmental analysis focuses on revenue and forecast by Technology and by Application for the period 2017-2028.
Segment by Technology
Immunoassays
Molecular Diagnostics
Clinical Chemistry
Other
Segment by Application
Medical Device Manufacturing Companies
Hospitals and Clinics
Oncology Laboratories
Private Research Institutions
Academic Institutions
Pharmaceutical Companies
Others
By Company
BIOVIEW Inc.
Affymetrix Inc.
Precision Therapeutics
Digene Corporation
A&G Pharmaceutical
Gen-Probe Incorporated
AVIVA Biosciences Corporation
Quest Diagnostics Incorporated
Laboratory Corporation of America Holdings
By Region
North America
United States
Canada
Europe
Germany
France
UK
Italy
Russia
Nordic Countries
Rest of Europe
Asia-Pacific
China
Japan
South Korea
Southeast Asia
India
Australia
Rest of Asia
Latin America
Mexico
Brazil
Rest of Latin America
Middle East & Africa
Turkey
Saudi Arabia
UAE
Rest of MEA
1 Report Business Overview
1.1 Study Scope
1.2 Market Analysis by Technology
1.2.1 Global Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Market Size Growth Rate by Technology, 2017 VS 2021 VS 2028
1.2.2 Immunoassays
1.2.3 Molecular Diagnostics
1.2.4 Clinical Chemistry
1.2.5 Other
1.3 Market by Application
1.3.1 Global Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Market Size Growth Rate by Application, 2017 VS 2021 VS 2028
1.3.2 Medical Device Manufacturing Companies
1.3.3 Hospitals and Clinics
1.3.4 Oncology Laboratories
1.3.5 Private Research Institutions
1.3.6 Academic Institutions
1.3.7 Pharmaceutical Companies
1.3.8 Others
1.4 Study Objectives
1.5 Years Considered
2 Global Growth Trends
2.1 Global Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Market Perspective (2017-2028)
2.2 Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Growth Trends by Region
2.2.1 Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Market Size by Region: 2017 VS 2021 VS 2028
2.2.2 Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Historic Market Size by Region (2017-2022)
2.2.3 Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Forecasted Market Size by Region (2023-2028)
2.3 Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Market Dynamics
2.3.1 Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Industry Trends
2.3.2 Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Market Drivers
2.3.3 Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Market Challenges
2.3.4 Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Market Restraints
3 Competition Landscape by Key Players
3.1 Global Top Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Players by Revenue
3.1.1 Global Top Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Players by Revenue (2017-2022)
3.1.2 Global Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Revenue Market Share by Players (2017-2022)
3.2 Global Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3)
3.3 Players Covered: Ranking by Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Revenue
3.4 Global Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Market Concentration Ratio
3.4.1 Global Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Market Concentration Ratio (CR5 and HHI)
3.4.2 Global Top 10 and Top 5 Companies by Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Revenue in 2021
3.5 Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Key Players Head office and Area Served
3.6 Key Players Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Product Solution and Service
3.7 Date of Enter into Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Market
3.8 Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Plans
4 Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Breakdown Data by Technology
4.1 Global Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Historic Market Size by Technology (2017-2022)
4.2 Global Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Forecasted Market Size by Technology (2023-2028)
5 Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Breakdown Data by Application
5.1 Global Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Historic Market Size by Application (2017-2022)
5.2 Global Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Forecasted Market Size by Application (2023-2028)
6 North America
6.1 North America Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Market Size (2017-2028)
6.2 North America Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Market Size by Technology
6.2.1 North America Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Market Size by Technology (2017-2022)
6.2.2 North America Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Market Size by Technology (2023-2028)
6.2.3 North America Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Market Share by Technology (2017-2028)
6.3 North America Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Market Size by Application
6.3.1 North America Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Market Size by Application (2017-2022)
6.3.2 North America Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Market Size by Application (2023-2028)
6.3.3 North America Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Market Share by Application (2017-2028)
6.4 North America Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Market Size by Country
6.4.1 North America Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Market Size by Country (2017-2022)
6.4.2 North America Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Market Size by Country (2023-2028)
6.4.3 United States
6.4.4 Canada
7 Europe
7.1 Europe Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Market Size (2017-2028)
7.2 Europe Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Market Size by Technology
7.2.1 Europe Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Market Size by Technology (2017-2022)
7.2.2 Europe Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Market Size by Technology (2023-2028)
7.2.3 Europe Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Market Share by Technology (2017-2028)
7.3 Europe Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Market Size by Application
7.3.1 Europe Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Market Size by Application (2017-2022)
7.3.2 Europe Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Market Size by Application (2023-2028)
7.3.3 Europe Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Market Share by Application (2017-2028)
7.4 Europe Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Market Size by Country
7.4.1 Europe Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Market Size by Country (2017-2022)
7.4.2 Europe Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Market Size by Country (2023-2028)
7.4.3 Germany
7.4.4 France
7.4.5 U.K.
7.4.6 Italy
7.4.7 Russia
7.4.8 Nordic Countries
8 Asia-Pacific
8.1 Asia-Pacific Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Market Size (2017-2028)
8.2 Asia-Pacific Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Market Size by Technology
8.2.1 Asia-Pacific Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Market Size by Technology (2017-2022)
8.2.2 Asia-Pacific Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Market Size by Technology (2023-2028)
8.2.3 Asia-Pacific Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Market Share by Technology (2017-2028)
8.3 Asia-Pacific Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Market Size by Application
8.3.1 Asia-Pacific Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Market Size by Application (2017-2022)
8.3.2 Asia-Pacific Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Market Size by Application (2023-2028)
8.3.3 Asia-Pacific Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Market Share by Application (2017-2028)
8.4 Asia-Pacific Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Market Size by Region
8.4.1 Asia-Pacific Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Market Size by Region (2017-2022)
8.4.2 Asia-Pacific Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Market Size by Region (2023-2028)
8.4.3 China
8.4.4 Japan
8.4.5 South Korea
8.4.6 Southeast Asia
8.4.7 India
8.4.8 Australia
9 Latin America
9.1 Latin America Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Market Size (2017-2028)
9.2 Latin America Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Market Size by Technology
9.2.1 Latin America Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Market Size by Technology (2017-2022)
9.2.2 Latin America Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Market Size by Technology (2023-2028)
9.2.3 Latin America Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Market Share by Technology (2017-2028)
9.3 Latin America Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Market Size by Application
9.3.1 Latin America Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Market Size by Application (2017-2022)
9.3.2 Latin America Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Market Size by Application (2023-2028)
9.3.3 Latin America Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Market Share by Application (2017-2028)
9.4 Latin America Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Market Size by Country
9.4.1 Latin America Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Market Size by Country (2017-2022)
9.4.2 Latin America Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Market Size by Country (2023-2028)
9.4.3 Mexico
9.4.4 Brazil
10 Middle East & Africa
10.1 Middle East & Africa Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Market Size (2017-2028)
10.2 Middle East & Africa Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Market Size by Technology
10.2.1 Middle East & Africa Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Market Size by Technology (2017-2022)
10.2.2 Middle East & Africa Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Market Size by Technology (2023-2028)
10.2.3 Middle East & Africa Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Market Share by Technology (2017-2028)
10.3 Middle East & Africa Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Market Size by Application
10.3.1 Middle East & Africa Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Market Size by Application (2017-2022)
10.3.2 Middle East & Africa Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Market Size by Application (2023-2028)
10.3.3 Middle East & Africa Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Market Share by Application (2017-2028)
10.4 Middle East & Africa Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Market Size by Country
10.4.1 Middle East & Africa Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Market Size by Country (2017-2022)
10.4.2 Middle East & Africa Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Market Size by Country (2023-2028)
10.4.3 Turkey
10.4.4 Saudi Arabia
10.4.5 UAE
11 Key Players Profiles
11.1 BIOVIEW Inc.
11.1.1 BIOVIEW Inc. Company Details
11.1.2 BIOVIEW Inc. Business Overview
11.1.3 BIOVIEW Inc. Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Introduction
11.1.4 BIOVIEW Inc. Revenue in Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Business (2017-2022)
11.1.5 BIOVIEW Inc. Recent Developments
11.2 Affymetrix Inc.
11.2.1 Affymetrix Inc. Company Details
11.2.2 Affymetrix Inc. Business Overview
11.2.3 Affymetrix Inc. Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Introduction
11.2.4 Affymetrix Inc. Revenue in Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Business (2017-2022)
11.2.5 Affymetrix Inc. Recent Developments
11.3 Precision Therapeutics
11.3.1 Precision Therapeutics Company Details
11.3.2 Precision Therapeutics Business Overview
11.3.3 Precision Therapeutics Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Introduction
11.3.4 Precision Therapeutics Revenue in Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Business (2017-2022)
11.3.5 Precision Therapeutics Recent Developments
11.4 Digene Corporation
11.4.1 Digene Corporation Company Details
11.4.2 Digene Corporation Business Overview
11.4.3 Digene Corporation Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Introduction
11.4.4 Digene Corporation Revenue in Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Business (2017-2022)
11.4.5 Digene Corporation Recent Developments
11.5 A&G Pharmaceutical
11.5.1 A&G Pharmaceutical Company Details
11.5.2 A&G Pharmaceutical Business Overview
11.5.3 A&G Pharmaceutical Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Introduction
11.5.4 A&G Pharmaceutical Revenue in Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Business (2017-2022)
11.5.5 A&G Pharmaceutical Recent Developments
11.6 Gen-Probe Incorporated
11.6.1 Gen-Probe Incorporated Company Details
11.6.2 Gen-Probe Incorporated Business Overview
11.6.3 Gen-Probe Incorporated Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Introduction
11.6.4 Gen-Probe Incorporated Revenue in Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Business (2017-2022)
11.6.5 Gen-Probe Incorporated Recent Developments
11.7 AVIVA Biosciences Corporation
11.7.1 AVIVA Biosciences Corporation Company Details
11.7.2 AVIVA Biosciences Corporation Business Overview
11.7.3 AVIVA Biosciences Corporation Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Introduction
11.7.4 AVIVA Biosciences Corporation Revenue in Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Business (2017-2022)
11.7.5 AVIVA Biosciences Corporation Recent Developments
11.8 Quest Diagnostics Incorporated
11.8.1 Quest Diagnostics Incorporated Company Details
11.8.2 Quest Diagnostics Incorporated Business Overview
11.8.3 Quest Diagnostics Incorporated Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Introduction
11.8.4 Quest Diagnostics Incorporated Revenue in Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Business (2017-2022)
11.8.5 Quest Diagnostics Incorporated Recent Developments
11.9 Laboratory Corporation of America Holdings
11.9.1 Laboratory Corporation of America Holdings Company Details
11.9.2 Laboratory Corporation of America Holdings Business Overview
11.9.3 Laboratory Corporation of America Holdings Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Introduction
11.9.4 Laboratory Corporation of America Holdings Revenue in Noninvasive Cancer Diagnostics and Technology Business (2017-2022)
11.9.5 Laboratory Corporation of America Holdings Recent Developments
12 Analyst’s Viewpoints/Conclusions
13 Appendix
13.1 Research Methodology
13.1.1 Methodology/Research Approach
13.1.2 Data Source
13.2 Author Details
13.3 Disclaimer